A static IP address is a permanent internet address assigned to your device or router that never changes. Unlike dynamic IPs, which your internet service provider (ISP) reassigns periodically (usually every few days or months), a static IP remains constant.
ISPs typically assign dynamic IPs by default because they reduce management overhead. However, you can request a static IP from your ISP, often for a small monthly fee. Alternatively, you can configure one manually within your local network.
Why it matters:
- Remote access: Connect to home servers, security cameras, or network storage from anywhere using the same address
- Port forwarding: Run game servers, websites, or VPN services that require a fixed entry point
- DNS reliability: Set up custom domain names pointing to your server without updating records constantly
- Business email: Improve deliverability for self-hosted mail servers
Common gotchas:
- ISPs charge extra for static IPs (typically GBP 5-15 monthly for residential connections)
- You need to renew or confirm your static IP assignment periodically with your ISP
- If you change ISPs, you lose your static IP and must request a new one
- Static IPs are more visible to hackers, so you'll need stronger security practices
For home users, a dynamic IP with dynamic DNS (which automatically updates your domain when your IP changes) often provides the same practical benefits at lower cost. Businesses and serious self-hosters typically require true static IPs.